.




ɡ :



ϡ .



ӡ ( ) [1] ( )[2] ӡ ѡ ɡ .



ݡ ( ) " " ݡ ɡ ǡ ʡ ( )[3] ( )[4]



" "" " " " ɡ ԡ ( )[5] :

- : .

- : .

- : ( ...) .

- .



. .

ڡ ǡ :

" " " " ӡ ȡ ʡ ʡ ӡ .

ɡ ա ɡ " " ϡ ʡ ǡ ǡ ɡ "" : ǡ ѡ "".

ϡ ʡ ɡ ǡ ɡ .



" " " " " " ڡ ӡ ɡ "" " ". "" "" " " / :" : { } [ : 187] : ߡ ߡ ߡ { } [: 59] ϡ ".

" " ڡ :

1. :" " [6] :

: ǡ ( ) - - .

: .

: " " .

: " " .

: .

() ( ) ǡ :

-

- ʡ .

- .

- ɡ .

- .

- ̡ .

( ) :

- ɡ " " "" " " " " " " ɡ ʡ " " " "" ".

- .

- ɡ "" " ".

2. ǡ ɡ ɡ : : " ǡ : ǿ : "[7] : " "[8] : - : " "[9] : " "[10] : " ӡ ǡ "[11] :" " ϡ .

" " ӡ () ( :) ɡ .

ǡ :" ԡ: ǿ: "[12] : - - ( ).

3. ɡ ϡ ϡ ɡ "" "" ( : ) ɡ .



ɺ ɡ ɡ ɡ ɡ ɡ ǡ " " "" "" "" "" .



[1] ɡ32

[2] /179

[3]

[4] /22

[5] (2 / 275) (2 / 316) (1652) 1653) ϡ

[6] /113

[7] 2/113.

[8]

[9] ɡ 7/44

[10]

[11]

[12] ȡ

*